Annihilationism: Celibate Gay Theology 2.0
Rosaria Butterfield, Ph.D., and Jared Moore, Ph.D.
Annihilationism–an ancient heresy denying hell as a place of eternal conscious torment–has recently been exhumed by former child actor Kirk Cameron as legit. This essay explores annihilationism as gay celibate theology 2.0, and lest we think reformed Christians are exempt from its false teaching, just remember that celibate gay theology planted the Revoice movement on our doorstep in 2018, and we failed to defrock those ordained men who profess it.[1] Today, celibate gay theology has made for itself a comfortable empire in broad evangelicalism, and annihilationism is next in line. Let’s not be hoodwinked again.
Celibate Gay Theology[2]:
In 2010, Wes Hill asked the American evangelical church to accept a radically ridiculous and unbiblical idea: “the experience of same-sex desire may be the divinely appointed way in which celibate gay Christians discover the power of Christ made perfect in their lives.” With these words, the heresy of Celibate Gay Theology, also known as Side B Gay Christianity, entered into the bloodstream of broad and soft American evangelicalism, and it traveled on the back of misplaced sympathy.[3] Note Hill’s word choice carefully–same-sex desire is an “experience,” divinely appointed to apply to works of Christ to a redeemed man. Such blasphemy! According to this view, homosexuality (euphemized as ‘Same Sex desire”) is not a sin to be repented from and forsaken, but a permanent feature of a person’s life from which a God-ordained identity is built and blessed, even as sexual expression is to be sublimated, or turned to holiness. Opposed to biblical truth, celibate gay theology is the brainchild of secular psychology, especially in its disability and identity branches.
Celibate gay theology defies the creation mandate and rests on a false view of the Imago Dei, rejecting the permanence and pattern of the male/female binary as a universal design and call from God. Even our souls are male or female for eternity. Celibate gay theology regards homosexual desire as a “gay person’s” essence–such that progressive sanctification leaves his homosexuality intact. Celibate gay theology compensates for its slim exegetical base with evangelical zeal and positions itself as “missional,” seeing “gay people” as modern gentiles coming into the kingdom of God (Wes Hill, “The Transformation of the Gentiles, Spiritual Friendship, 2016: https://spiritualfriendship.org/2016/09/05/the-transformation-of-the-gentiles/). The gay Christian organization, Living Out, even produced a checklist for churches to assess how gay friendly we are, and lest we forget, the late Tim Keller endorsed it. See LivingOut.Org, “How Biblically Inclusive Is Your Church?” (https://www.livingout.org/storage/files/shares/Audit_Online.pdf). And gay pastor Greg Johnson wrote an addendum to his book, Still Time to Care, entitled “On Mission with the LGBTQ Community.” Note that the preposition is “with” and not “to.” Celibate gay Christians want to be on mission “with” the LGBTQ movement, asking the church to perceive LGBTQ as an alphabet of victims.
Celibate gay Christianity posed as conservative and tried to convince the evangelical church that the hard line in the sand was gay marriage, not gay desire or identity. Redefining homosexuality from deed of the flesh to essence of authenticity, it reified homosexuality as a new category of personhood, and then declared it an offense to call such people to repent of homosexuality. Homosexuality is not part of the created order, but gay Christians embrace it as ontological.[4]
Celibate gay theology is heretical teaching, and it has been troubling the church since the early 2000s, producing a coterie of “SSA pastors” and their Internet defenders. Anyone who resisted the narrative that celibate gay Christianity was “conservative” and “within the boundaries of Christian orthodoxy” was branded a Pharisee. Defenders of gay celibate theology claimed our differences were like an intramural pick-up football game after a hearty Thanksgiving dinner with family.
When Denny Burk and I (Rosaria) wrote an article on concupiscence–the biblical doctrine that understands desire for sin as sin proper–and defined the theological boundaries between Roman Catholic and Protestant understandings of concupiscence as the dividing line between biblical Christianity and gay theology (Burk and Butterfield, “Learning to Hate Your Sin without Hating Yourself,” Public Discourse, 2018, https://www.thepublicdiscourse.com/2018/07/22066/), we were called divisive. Indeed, we were not divisive enough. Celibate gay Christianity is neo-orthodoxy, which is a separate religion from the Christian one.
Annihilationism[5]:
On December 3, 2025, Kirk Cameron, a former child actor and public Christian, released a YouTube video titled “Are We Wrong About Hell?” (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_RflbA8Vt_Y).
In it, he expressed his opinion that the character of God, in his mind, is in conflict with the historic and orthodox biblical doctrine of Hell, which he referred to as an “eternal barbecue.” Cameron introduced his interest in annihilationism–the denial of hell as eternal conscious torment–as an innocent set of questions, just exploring out loud some new ideas. But in follow-up videos and after he received pushback from mentors and friends, he doubled down and revealed that his embrace of annihilationism was motivated in part by his commitment to evangelism.
Kirk says his love of the lost impels him: “I would love to correct people who say…the reason they are not a Christian is because of this merciless God who tortures people forever” (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_RflbA8Vt_Y, 38:00). But if a person rejects Jesus because he rejects God’s holy authority, does this not fully reveal that we cannot “make a decision for Christ” because our evil hearts love darkness and reject the light of Christ (John 3:19) unless the Father draws us?
Cameron’s misplaced sympathy has led him to endorse the same doctrine embraced by cults like the Jehovah’s Witnesses. Why do cults promote annihilationism? Because Annihilationism demands Christological error. Any profession of faith that emerges from sinful man judging a Holy God and demanding He become acceptable on man’s terms is hell-bound.
To be clear: Kirk says he is not rejecting hell. But he wants to draw a line where no such line can be drawn. By excising hell’s eternal biblical essence and nature from its physical place, he is rejecting the biblical doctrine of hell, whether he likes that or not. Hell’s reality as a physical place cannot be separated from its eternality or the felt conscious torment of its inhabitants. The essence of Hell–like the essence of anything– is that parts make up the whole.
Biblically speaking, hell is a place of eternal unquenchable fire (Matt. 3:12; 13:41-42, Mark 9:43), of eternal memory and pain (Luke 16:19-31), of never-ending thirst (Luke 16:24), of eternal misery (Rev. 14:10-11), of eternal frustration and anger (Matt. 13:42; 24:51), of eternal separation (Rev. 2:11, 20:6, 15), of unmitigated and eternal divine wrath (Hab. 3:2, Rev. 14:10). God prepared hell as a place that burns for eternity for Satan and his followers (Matt. 25:41, 46, Dan. 12:2, Jude 7).
Christ alone stands between man and hell. Biblically speaking, a Christian, justified by the Father, stands before God’s justice only by the blood of Christ, the only satisfaction for the Father’s wrath. As R. Scott Clark lovingly writes in his majestic commentary on the Heidelberg Catechism, “We were saved when our obedient substitute, Christ, laid down his life. It was finished–not inaugurated. It was accomplished. It was applied to us in our own lives and experience, and it will continue to be applied by the Spirit until Christ comes again” (Scott, The Heidelberg Catechism: A Historical and Pastoral Commentary (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Academic, 2025: 195). If you believe in annihilationism, you dismiss and disregard Jesus Christ, who paid the penalty of our sin to satisfy the wrath of God.
God is eternal, which means that payment for the offense our sin brings against Him must be eternal as well. Either we pay for all eternity for our sin, or the Eternal Son, God the Son, paid the penalty for us, satisfying God’s wrath. Kirk calls eternal conscience torment unloving, but if it is unloving for God to punish “finite” sinners for eternity, it must also be unloving for God to punish His eternal Son, finitely.
The Bible is clear that only Jesus Christ can and has satisfied God’s wrath towards Christians, but annihilationists believe that every sinner satisfies God’s wrath when they are annihilated. And not only do human sinners satisfy God’s wrath according to annihilationism, but every demon does too, including the devil himself. In direct contradiction to Scripture, Annihilationism teaches that Satan will satisfy God’s wrath towards him when he is annihilated in the end. Therefore, every sinner, according to annihilationism, atones for his own sin when God destroys him. Biblically, the reason hell must be eternal is that every sinner who has rejected Jesus Christ has rejected the only One who can take away our sins eternally, because He is eternal (Heb 10:1-18). Hell lasts forever because sinners never satisfy God’s wrath since they rejected the only One who can, God the Son incarnate.
Kirk sidesteps biblical argumentation–in part because the exegetical argument in defense of annihilationism is as anemic as the one that defends celibate gay Christianity. Instead, Kirk wants to position himself under the reputation of Christians who endorsed annihilationism, like John Stott. But is not John Stott a mere man? Is he above scripture? John Stott was certainly the most theologically sophisticated among the advocates of annihilationism, but faithful disciples should show honor to imperfect teachers by rejecting their folly rather than promoting it–by letting love cover a multitude of sin.[6]
A true Christian may, in ignorance, profess heresy–indeed, heresy is always grown within the church: “For there must also be heresies among you, that they which are approved may be made manifest among you” (1 Cor 11:19, KJV). A heretic is not necessarily a reprobate.
Annihilationism is denounced soundly in scripture, and its main opponent is the Lord Jesus Christ. In addition, annihilationism was anathematized in the 6th century: “If anyone says or thinks that the punishment of demons and of impious men is only temporary, and will one day have an end, and that a restoration (ἀποκατάστασις) will take place of demons and of impious men, let him be anathema” (Second Council of Constantinople, 553, https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/3812.htm). Today, only cults that deny the Lordship of Jesus Christ embrace it boldly. The Bible and its defenders teach the biblical doctrine that hell is eternal conscious torment, as summarized in the Westminster Larger Catechism, question 89, and the Westminster Confession of Faith, 33.2. This is not an intramural sport: the Person and Work of Christ and the goodness of God are at stake. Biblical Christians reject annihilationism (and its Roman Catholic counterpart, purgatory) as extra-biblical mythology.
Parallels Between Celibate Gay Christianity and Annihilationism
The parallel falsehoods between celibate gay Christianity and Annihilationism are plentiful. Here are seven:
- Relies on deceptive rhetoric rather than Scripture
Gay Celibate Theology:
Proponents of gay celibate theology redefine desiring sodomy in your heart as the “capacity to be tempted by sodomy.” Then they ask, “How can a capacity be sin?” They claim to affirm “the historic Christian sexual ethic,” but remove desires of the heart from their definition, thus adding homosexual desires in the heart to redefine the historic Christian sexual ethic. And they create a sinless unbiblical category between the flesh and lust, grounding homosexual desires there, so that they can say every time homosexuality is condemned in Scripture, “That’s talking about behavior and lust, not pre-lust” (Preston Sprinkle and Gregory Coles, “Is Same-Sex Attraction a Sin?” Accessed April 29, 2026, https://centerforfaith.com/pastoral-paper-19-is-same-sex-attraction-a-sin/, 4-5.
Annihilationism:
Kirk Cameron refers to eternal conscious torment as God creating an “eternal barbecue for sinners.” But then says that unbelievers still suffer in hell and are annihilated. Yet, to use his terms, he is still affirming a “temporary barbecue for sinners,” though he does not believe there is literal fire in hell. This does not change the fact that hell is still a temporary torture chamber according to his own terms. He also says an eternal hell means God is merciless because He “tortures people forever,” but Kirk’s own view is that God tortures people temporarily, then annihilates them. If eternal torment is merciless according to him, then temporary torment and annihilation must be too (Kirk Cameron Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_RflbA8Vt_Y, 38:00). By defining mercy, love, and justice based on worldly standards rather than Scripture, Kirk condemns his own position, though he presents an eternal hell in the worst possible terms and his view in the best possible terms. He wants you to pay no attention to the man behind the curtain, for the great and powerful Oz has spoken.
- Unbiblical (and uncovenantal) Appeals to Youth Culture:
Gay Celibate Theology:
“Gay people” are represented as modern Gentiles trying to enter the church but are prevented by mean and ignorant people. Celibate gay Christians see their job as missional, and if the recent Gallup poll declares 35% of Gen Zers are LGBTQ, they take this number uncritically and believe that we had better find a theology that appeals to them. But LGBTQ has moved from a social movement to the reigning idol of our day: because the law codifies and demands LGBTQ affirmation, these Gallup numbers reveal what happens when the screws are applied to the head, not some authentic truth that has always been there. When the laws of the land promote sin, social pressure collaborates with the deceitfulness of our hearts.
Annihilationism:
Kirk Cameron says that only “Old Farts” defend an “Eternal BBQ”. The “young bucks” deny such things, and because they are our future, we must appeal to them. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1xe4VH_HMo, 11:10. He perhaps unwittingly sets up a false tension between law and gospel here. But the law and the gospel have the same friends and enemies: to make an enemy of the one is to make an enemy of the God who gave us both. As John Colquon wrote, “It is impossible to be a friend of the gospel and an enemy of the law, for both the law and the gospel are transcripts of the moral perfections of God, and those perfections are loved by true believers.”[7] The writer of the book of Hebrews understands eternal conscious torment as an “elementary doctrine of Christ” (Hebrews 6:1-2). Annihilationism rejects the ABCs of the historic Christian faith.
- Redefinitions of key terms:
Gay Celibate Theology:
The ‘clobber verses” (Leviticus 18:22, 20:13, Romans 1:26-27, 1 Corinthians 6:9-10, 1 Timothy 1:10, and Genesis 19:4-25) are out, and the Freudian category of sexual orientation is in, teaching the corrupt idea that the wrath of God’s hatred against sexual abomination is reduced to six measly lines. Sexual Orientation preaches the heresy that feelings are authentic.
Annihilationism:
Hell is denied (and its essence is relegated to a place without an eternal reality and purpose), defying such verses as Matt. 25:31-33, 41, 46, Mark 9:43-48; Mark 8:36, Luke 9:25, Luke 16:22, 23, Matt 10:28, Matt. 13:41, 42, Matt. 7:22, 23, Luke 12:9, 10, Matt. 23:16,33, Matt. 26:4, Luke 12:46, Mark 16:16, Matt. 11:23, Matt 13:49, 50, John 8:21, John 5:28, Matt 3:12, Matt 13:30, Matt 13:47-48, Matt 25:10, Matt 25:19-30. Note that the greatest defender of hell as conscious eternal torment is the Lord Jesus Christ himself.
- Minimizes sin as finite and material and denies law as good
Gay Celibate Theology:
Advocates of gay celibate theology defend LGBTQ as personhood[8] as who someone is rather than how someone feels, and as permanent. They do not believe that sanctification will or should change in any way a person’s sexual idolatry. Matthew Vines, a Side A gay affirming author, goes so far as to say that the gospel as it applies to homosexuality “is not of central importance to Paul’s message in Romans”.[9] Therefore, homosexuality is more of a disability than sin; it’s a matter of suffering and should garner sympathy because these people are victims of how God “made them.” (MD Perkins, 24-25) It claims the sinful flesh as a gateway to blessing, not as sin proper that needs to be mortified in the power of the triune God.
Annihilationism:
Annihilationism denies that souls in hell keep sinning and instead reinvents hell as potentially rehabilitative without the Holy Spirit’s work. It also denies that sin against an eternal God is an eternal offense. Rather, the misplaced sympathy of its advocates wrenches hell out of its biblical reality. Perhaps its greatest offense, though, is that it denies that sins against God’s law are sins against God himself. William Greenough Thayer Shedd (1820-1894), in The Doctrine of Endless Punishment, writes: “A man is hanged for murder, principally and before all other reasons, because he has voluntarily transgressed the law forbidding murder. The law looks back at what had been done in the past. Its first and great object is requital. The remark of the English judge to the horse thief in the days when such a theft was capitally punished: “You are not being hanged because you have stolen a horse, but that horses may not be stolen” (73). We who are ransomed by the blood of Christ are set free because Christ fulfilled the law. The Law of God is not to be transgressed because it is the Law of God, a reflection of God’s holy character. A Christian submits to this.
- Relies on Pelagianism and Antinomianism:
Gay Celibate Theology:
Gay celibate theology teaches that the church has bound heavy burdens upon “gay people” by calling them to repent of and forsake homosexuality, and that is why we don’t have floods of “gay people” in the church. The celibate gay Christian mantra is this: Because I have same-sex attraction, I am called to singleness. But the biblical witness is this: homosexuality is found in the flesh, forbidden in the Law, and overcome by the Savior. Westminster Larger Catechism Q 139 asks, “What are the sins forbidden in the Seventh Commandment?” and provides “entangling vows of celibacy” as one answer. While celibate gay theology relegates the law as a construction of human culture, the Bible reveals the law as that which proceeds from God’s very nature and works in harmony with the gospel as our blessed rule for faith and life. The Christian knows that the “commandments of God are not burdensome” (1 John 5:3), but the gay Christian proudly declares, “gay forever, hell never.”[10]
Annihilationism:
Annihilationism teaches that it is not fair that the unevangelized heathen should go to eternal hell when he was just trying to be a good person. About this, William Shedd writes: “The true reason for hoping that the unevangelized heathen is saved is not that he was virtuous, but that he was penitent. A penitent man is necessarily virtuous, but a virtuous man is not necessarily penitent. Sorrow for sin produces morality, but morality does not produce sorrow for sin” (63). Annihilationism confuses law and gospel on several points whitewashed by Pelagianism, not the least of which is the problem of man’s total depravity and indwelling sin.
- Commits Christological heresies
Gay Celibate Theology:
Gay Celibate Theology says that male and female are not permanent image-bearing categories of personhood, representing a universal call to marriage and culture-mandate. Sexual difference is ontological and permanent, but gay celibate theology renders it arbitrary because they separate one’s sexuality from one’s sex. One’s “sexual orientation” is not defined by Genesis 2, where God made all mankind male or female, but rather is defined by one’s feelings or attractions, whatever they may be.
Annihilationism:
Annihilationism dethrones Christ’s sufficiency to satisfy God’s wrath at the same time that it questions the integrity and goodness of God’s law. If, as annihilationists will eventually have to say, God’s wrath is harsh and unmerciful, then no one needs the blood of Christ to satisfy it. Annihilationists pose man as more merciful than God.
- Lulls the unconverted into a false peace:
Gay Celibate Theology:
Gay Celibate Theology relies on sloppy self-willed neo-orthodoxy. Its advocates teach that when you come to Christ, you remain powerless over your affections and attractions, and therefore, you are only responsible for your choices. Therefore, gay celibate theologians call “homosexuals” to repent of actions, but not of their attractions or desires. This causes those “homosexuals” who claim to trust in Christ to constantly self-justify, to ask, “Did I choose this?” when they have a homosexual impulse; rather than going to Christ in repentance and faith by turning from their evil homosexual desires, and living in the biblical truth of who God designed them to be and is remaking them to be. The gay Christian trusts in himself as a false high priest, telling himself that the evil in his heart is “not sin,” so he has peace, not because Christ has justified him but because his evil homosexual desires are not sin since he “did not mindfully choose to be gay.”
Annihilationism:
Annihilationism relies on sloppy self-willed therapeutic fantasies of who God is and who we are. Celibate gay theology and Annihilationism collapse at whatever vantage point you pick, but their titanic implosion is in evangelism, as both can only win converts to a false peace that may cost them their souls. Robert A. Peterson concludes his esteemed defense of the biblical doctrine of Hell, Hell on Trial: The Case for Eternal Punishment (NJ: P&R Publication, 1995), with this double epiphany: “First, studying hell increases my appreciation for the Savior’s suffering….think of it! The Son of God bore the terrors of hell to save us, sinners….Second, the burden of hell can be put to good use….My desire that people be spared such a fate has produced in me a greater boldness to tell them the Good News” (201). May we, like Dr. Peterson, be so burdened by Christ’s ransom and our responsibilities to profess the true gospel and defend it against weak men who would rather spare a sinner’s feelings than offer the true gospel that may save his soul.
Does false teaching come from the mouth of false teachers?
The Puritan Thomas Brooks, in Precious Remedies Against Satan’s Devices (1652), (Carlisle, PA: Banner of Truth Press, 2019: 259-264), describes the seven characteristics of false teachers. Measure this against what you know of the men who advance celibate gay theology and annihilationism and judge for yourself:
- False teachers are men-pleasers. They are concerned about how sinners feel about the Bible and its teachings. Brooks says that false teachers “handle holy things rather with wit and dalliance than with fear and reverence…[they] skin over the wound, but never heal it” (260).
- False teachers scorn faithful expositors of the Bible. To quote Brooks, “False teachers are notable in casting dirt, scorn, and reproach upon the persons, names, and credits of Christ’s most faithful ambassadors” (260).
- False teachers invent their own devices and ideas: they talk about how their God wouldn’t do this and that, even while the God of the Bible does.
- False teachers “pass over the great and weighty things both of law and gospel and stand upon things that are of least moment and concernment for the souls of men” (262). Which is more valuable? Is coddling the notions of the unconverted youth really a high value? Would not the gospel that makes strong men and feminine women be a biblical goal?
- False teachers dress their heresies in “fair speeches,” “plausible pretenses,” (263). More concerned for the feelings of the lost than their souls, they blather on to tickle the ears but never convict the heart. To quote Brooks, “false teachers will put a great deal of paint and garnish upon their most dangerous principles and blasphemies” (263).
- False teachers “strive more to win over men to their opinions than to better them” in their Christian faith and life (263). False teachers have made their YouTube channels bastions of Christian performance art and “strive …to win over men to their opinions” (264).
- False teachers monetize their brand and “make merchandise of their followers” (264). They measure their opinions against the praise of man and not the doctrinal pronouncements of scripture.
False teachers are quick to remind us that the world is watching and that we are to preach to the times. But those who preach to the times fail to register the sins of their times as those worthy of God’s judgment. Instead of preaching to the times, we need to know the times and declare the days of ignorance over.
Annihilationism and celibate gay theology are twin heresies and should be denounced as such. If this does not sound sufficiently ecumenical, so be it. We will follow the faithful paths of the reformed confessors and leave others to subscribe to the self-imploding ecumenicalism popular today.
[1] https://byfaithonline.com/sjc-concludes-action-on-matters-related-to-revoice-2voluntarily transgressed, hanged018/
[2] It is beyond the scope of this essay to delve deeply into the cesspool of Celibate Gay Theology, but an excellent summary of its history and heresy can be found in M.D. Perkins book: Dangerous Affirmation: the Threat of Gay Christianity (Tupelo, MS: American Family Association): 2022.
[3] Wesley Hill, Washed and Waiting: Reflections on Christian Faithfulness and Homosexuality (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2010) 201.
[4] Greg Coles, in Single, Gay, Christian (Downers Grove, IL: IVP, 2017), writes this: “Is it too dangerous, too unorthodox, to believe that I am uniquely designed to reflect the glory of God? That my orientation, before the fall, was meant to be a gift in appreciating the beauty of my own sex…What if God dreamed it for me, woven it into the fabric of my being as he knit me together and sang life into me?” (46-47).
[5] While it is beyond the scope of this essay to provide a thorough defense against the false teaching of annihilationism, the following books will guide the reader to this end. Edward Donnelly’s Biblical Teaching on the Doctrines of Heaven and Hell (Carlisle, PA: Banner of Truth Trust, 2001); Robert A. Peterson, Hell on Trial: The Case for Eternal Punishment (Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, 1995), and William Greenough Thayer Shedd, The Doctrine of Endless Punishment (1885), Chambersburg, PA: Pantianos Classics).
[6] Westminster Larger Catechism 89: Q, “What shall be done to the wicked on the day of judgement?” Answer: “At the day of judgement, the wicked shall be set on Christ’s left hand, and upon clear evidence, and full conviction of their own consciences, shall have the fearful but just sentence of condemnation pronounced against them, and thereupon shall be cast out from the favorable presence of God and the glorious fellowship with Christ, his saints, and all his holy angels, into hell, to be punished with unspeakable torments, both of body and soul, with the devil and his angels forever.” (Matt. 25:33, Romans 2:15-16, Matt 25:41-43, Luke 16:26, 2 Thess. 1: 8-9;
Westminster Confession of Faith 33:2 (The Last Judgement): “The end of God’s appointing this day is for the manifestation of the glory of His mercy, in the eternal salvation of the elect, and of his justice, in the damnation of the reprobate, who are wicked and disobedient. For then shall the righteous go into everlasting life, and receive that fulness of joy and refreshing, which shall come from the presence of the Lord; but the wicked, who know not God, and obey not the Gospel of Jesus Christ, shall be cast into eternal torments, and be punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord, and the glory of His power.” (Matt. 25:31-46, Romans 2:5-6, Romans 9:22-23, Matt. 25:21, Acts 3:19, 2 Thess. 1:7-10.
[7] John Colquhoun, The Law and the Gospel (1815), Grand Rapids, MI: Reformation Heritage Books, 2023:xix.
[8] https://www.christianpost.com/voices/freud-or-god-which-way-christian.html
[9] Matthew Vines, God and the Gay Christian, New York: Conv ergent Books, 2014: 96.
[10] NPR Illinois, “This I Believe: Gay Forever, Hell for Never, by Gabe Knott, February 20, 2014. https://www.nprillinois.org/community-voices/2014-02-20/this-i-believe-gay-forever-hell-for-never. Our thanks to Chris Donnelly for finding this source and bringing it to our attention.
Rosaria Butterfield, a former tenured professor of English and women’s studies at Syracuse University, converted to Christ in what she describes as a train wreck. Her memoir, The Secret Thoughts of an Unlikely Convert: An English Professor’s Journey into Christian Faith (Crown and Covenant, 2012), chronicles her conversion. Rosaria is married to Kent, a Reformed Presbyterian pastor in North Carolina. She is a mother, grandmother, author, and speaker.
Jared Moore has served as Senior Pastor of Cumberland Homesteads Baptist Church in Crossville, TN since January 2016 and has served in pastoral ministry since 2000. He is the author of The Lust of the FLesh: Thinking Biblically About “Sexual Orientation,” Attraction, and Temptation and 33 Days to Freedom From Lust: A Hope-Filled Devotional.
